A Tien Kung robot (left) competes in the 400-meter race at the National Speed Skating Oval in Beijing on August 23, 2026 during the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG). Photo: VCG
On the blue track inside the National Speed Skating Oval, robots chased each other in the 400-meter race. A sprinting Tien Kung robot was tripped by a rival robot lying on the track but did not fall. Instead, it adjusted its posture in seconds and continued toward the finish line with a result of 38.15 seconds, breaking human 400-meter race world record of 43.03 seconds, held by South African athlete Wayde van Niekerk. This scene unfolded on Sunday, the first official competition day of the 2nd World Humanoid Robot Games (WHRG). Later that evening, a humanoid robot named Lightning, developed by Honor Co., broke the long-standing human 1,500-meter world record of 3:26 set by Moroccan athlete Hicham El Guerrouj with a time of 2:30.22. Just one night earlier, during the opening ceremony's 100-meter sprint and high jump demonstrations, humanoid robots had already shattered records long held by human athletes Usain Bolt and Javier Sotomayor — merely an appetizer for the five-day sci-fi spectacle. The Games have attracted 666 teams from 16 countries across six continents, up 138 percent from its inaugural edition. The number of participating robots quadrupled to 2,056, the Global Times learned from the organizing committee. Yet the biggest change this year was not only the scale, but also the technological maturity. More teams have shifted from remote-controlled robots to fully autonomous systems. Chinese observers, after watching several events, said humanoid robots are no longer limited to simple demonstrations of walking or dancing. Increasingly, they are being tested in environments that demand speed, coordination, perception and decision-making. From movement to intelligence
Behind the record-breaking performances are a series of technological upgrades. During the running events, Global Times reporters observed that robots were able to make subtle movements around their hip joints while walking, allowing them to maintain balance and produce movements closer to human biomechanics. Guo Yijie, technical director of Tien Kung Ultra, said the improvement came from advances in hardware design. "Robot joints have improved in torque and speed. As competitions demand higher power output, the reliability of the main control board, power board and high-power battery discharge capability have become increasingly important," Guo told the Global Times. According to Guo, the same Tien Kung Ultra robot was used in both sprinting and jumping events. For running, the waist needs rotation to balance the inertia generated by leg movements. For jumping, the upper body requires pitching movement to help the robot achieve greater distance or height, Guo said, noting that these can all be achieved with only slight adjustments to the waist configuration were needed, and it highly demonstrated to the robot design's flexibility. Besides the hardware upgrades, developments in robots' faster decision-making in "brains' is better showcased in football competitions. The Booster T2 robot used by many domestic and overseas football teams has increased its onboard computing capability by 10 times compared with the previous generation. The time from recognizing the goal to deciding whether to pass or shoot has been reduced to around 100 milliseconds - faster than the time humans usually need to blink. Cheng Hao, a technical representative from Boosters Robotics, said the improvement represents an "end-to-end" transformation in embodied intelligence. "In the past, robots relied on separate steps: perception, planning, decision-making and execution. Each stage was disconnected. Now, with an end-to-end motion foundation model, visual input can directly generate joint control commands," Cheng said. The newly introduced table tennis and tennis competitions are also testing another important capability: perception. "Robots are moving from simply recognizing the three-dimensional position of a ball to understanding the movement information of opponents and more complex environments," said Li Yinghui, a postdoc researcher and the leader from the Hong Kong University team at the table tennis event. Such capabilities developed in sports scenarios could eventually be transferred to other scenarios in industries or daily life, Li said. Beyond entertainment Though clips from the robot competitions have made a buzz on social media, with some critics from Western media questioning why robots need to dance, play football or compete in athletics while arguing that these activities appear far from everyday needs. Zhou Changjiu, Vice President of the RoboCup Federation and the Robotics Competition Association of the Asia-Pacific (RCAP), stressed robot sports are not designed for entertainment alone. "Robot competitions are testing the capabilities needed for humanoid robots to enter the real world," Zhou told the Global Times. Different events evaluate different abilities. Sprinting tests speed, marathons examine battery endurance and energy management, while football provides a comprehensive test because of its dynamic and unpredictable nature, testing intelligence, manipulation, interaction, safety, cost and trust at the same time, Zhou said. Unlike a single-task demonstration, football requires robots to cooperate. Players must understand their own roles, recognize teammates and opponents, and make collective decisions - a form of swarm intelligence that could become essential when robots work together in homes, factories and emergency rescue environments. Entertainment, however, can generate business opportunities. Gu Jinghai, brand director of EYOU Robot Co, told the Global Times that the company sold 95,000 integrated joints in China in 2025 and expects sales to exceed 1 million units in 2026. Growth mainly comes from planetary joints used in entertainment robots, while harmonic joints for industrial robots are also expanding steadily, he said. Jiao Jichao, an executive from UBTECH Robotics, said the criticism that "Chinese robots can only sing and dance" reflects only a temporary stage of development. "Performance and dancing are also real commercial demands, and their existence has value," Jiao said. "Beyond entertainment, Chinese robots are already demonstrating intelligent capabilities that support practical applications in manufacturing, and partnerships with companies including Huawei and Foxconn, where robots have already entered production lines in small-scale applications." The Outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of China stated that the country will construct a comprehensive cultivation system for future industries including the embody intelligence as new economic growth drivers. Zhou said the development of humanoid robots is not only about individual machines, but about building an entire ecosystem. China's advantage lies in its complete supply chain, abundant application scenarios and manufacturing capabilities, while the fast growing industry still faces challenges such as the lack of unified standards. Gu said the company has launched mass production of robotics joint under domestic standard of auto parts. Robot competitions can help address these issues by creating common standards in areas such as competition rules, robot dimensions, communication systems, batteries and joint modules. "As applications expand, the cost of key robot components will continue to decline," Zhou said. "Numbers are magic," Zhou said. "If producing one robot costs a huge amount because it is handmade, producing one million robots will completely change the cost structure." For humanoid robots, the race taking place inside the Ice Ribbon may not ultimately be about who crosses the finish line first. It may be about whether these machines can learn to navigate the far more complicated race outside the stadium - the race into the real world. 。今年以来，我省按照“试点先行—全面推开—检查整改—评估验收”步骤，规范窗口设置，优化流程再造，强化数字赋能，推动“一事跑多窗”向“一窗办多事”转变，取得阶段性成效。目前，全省政务服务（分）中心、便民服务中心（站）窗口和人员平均缩减44.6%和35.7%，办事平均申报材料4个，办理环节2.6个，群众办事所需时间比法定要求提速78.9%。
与综合窗口改革一体推进的还有“高效办成一件事”，作为国务院重点工作、今年省政府34项重点任务之一，我省专门印发工作方案，召开专题会议，围绕“服务通”“数据通”“系统通”“业务通”“政策通”强力攻坚，实行“一项任务、一个团队、一套方案、一抓到底”，推动线下一窗受理、线上一网申请、材料一次提交，以重点突破带动全面改革。目前，国务院第一批13个“高效办成一件事”重点事项已全部运行。全省重点事项累计对接335个系统1357项功能，办理290余万件，平均申报材料缩减60%，审批环节缩减78%，办理时限缩减74%，跑动次数缩减87%。
省数据局（省营商局）相关负责人表示，接下来，将按照“可量化、可检查、可评比、可验收”标准，明确改革任务和目标，各地区、各部门做好综合窗口建设，坚持问题导向，健全服务设施、强化纪律作风、加强教育培训、提升服务能力，力争在2025年3月底之前，打造政务窗口“微笑服务”名片，持续推进“办事不找关系”。同时，高质量建设“高效办成一件事”重点事项，加强跟踪问效，在政务服务“好差评”基础上，建立科学合理的评价体系，全面强化监管，让企业群众充分参与到综合窗口改革和“高效办成一件事”中来，不断提高企业群众的知晓率和获得感，持续推进“我陪群众走流程”，以企业群众视角检验改革成效。
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